An endorheic basin is formed when the water is confined without the outflow. A topography that limits the outflow of water from the lake is needed. Geological, climatic, and geographic requirements are required for a lake to become alkaline. Geology And Biodiversity Of Soda Lakes Geology And Genesis Of Soda Lakes Soda lakes occur naturally in both arid and semi-arid areas. Soda lakes are therefore the most productive aquatic environment on Earth because of the availability of dissolved carbon dioxide. Soda lakes are highly productive ecosystems compared to the freshwater lakes with a global primary production rate of over 10 grams carbon per square meters per day. A soda lake may also contain a high concentration of sodium chloride and other salts making it saline or hypersaline Lake. High carbonate concentration, especially sodium carbonate, is responsible for the alkalinity of the water. A soda lake is a lake with a pH value of more than the usual measure of 6 or 7, usually between 9 and 11.
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